Common wart
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Marked papillomatosis
Elongation of the epidermal rete ridges with invagination into the dermis, exhibiting a “crab claw” appearance.
Common wart
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Capped by pronounced hyperkeratosis.
Marked church spire papillomatosis also known as “church spire pattern”.
Common wart
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Church spire pattern papillomatosis
Compact hyperkeratosis
Focal hemorrhages
Parakeratotic mound
Common wart
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Parakeratotic mound (keratinocytes in the stratum corneum with preserved nuclei)
Focal hemorrhages
Common wart
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The presence of thrombosed capillaries in a wart explains the frequent clinical finding of small brownish petechiae within the lesion— a sign best observed after debridement of the hyperkeratosis.
Dilated capillaries in the papillary dermis
Common wart
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Presence of large keratohyalin granules
The presence of koilocytes is a characteristic finding of keratinocytes infected by human papillomavirus (HPV).
Koilocytes
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Koilocytes located in the granular layer.
- Defined by the presence of a perinuclear clear halo (360°) with a pyknotic nucleus and a slightly darker border around the nucleus center (representing eccentric chromatin).
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